Full solar spectrum available hierarchical porous ZIF/Fe-DCA (70) co-assisted by isolated Fe and rich defects for boosted environmental remediation efficiency

Abstract

The cationic defects engineering and molecular-scale cages effect work together to harvest rich defects and high-density isolated Fe on ZIF, endowing ZIF/Fe-DCA (70) with exposed active sites, facilitating photogenerated carrier separation and optimizing electronic structure. The LSPR effect, intermediated energy band and photothermal transition broaden the light absorption to NIR range with Eg = 2.15 eV. Removal rates for TC (60 mg/L), MB (10 mg/L), MO (10 mg/L) and GV (10 mg/L) are 93 %/86.3 %, 98.2 %/85.1 %, 83.7 %/70.2 % and 82 %/68 % after Vis/NIR irradiation, respectively. A satisfactory purifying efficiency was also detected on the mixed pollutants solution under real sunlight. Besides, the infrared thermography was employed to verify the photothermal conversion visually. The ‧O2−, 1O2, and triplet state are the most effective active species, and the ‧OH and h+ both apparently participate in the photodegradation. This study provides effective design ideas involving single atomic co-catalyst and defects into MOFs as full-spectrum photocatalysts to repair environment.