Abstract
The reconnaissance, mapping and analysis of kinematic features of slow-moving landslides evolving along medium-deep sliding surfaces in urban areas can be a difficult task due to the presence and interactions of/with anthropic structures/infrastructures and human activities that can conceal morphological signs of landslide activity. The paper presents an integrated approach to investigate the boundaries, type of movement, kinematics and interactions (in terms of damage severity distribution) with the built environment of a roto-translational slow-moving landslide affecting the historic centre of Lungro town (Calabria region, southern Italy). For this purpose, ancillary multi-source data (e.g. geological-geomorphological features and geotechnical properties of geomaterials), both conventional inclinometer monitoring and innovative non-invasive remote sensing (i.e. A-DInSAR) displacement data were jointly analyzed and interpreted to derive the A-DInSAR-geotechnical velocity (DGV) map of the landslide. This result was then cross-compared with detailed information available on the visible effects (i.e. crack pattern and width) on the exposed buildings along with possible conditioning factors to displacement evolution (i.e. remedial works, sub-services, etc.). The full integration of multi-source data available at the slope scale, by maximizing each contribution, provided a comprehensive outline of kinematic-geometric landslide features that were used to investigate the damage distribution and to detect, if any, anomalous locations of damage severity and relative possible causes. This knowledge can be used to manage landslide risk in the short term and, in particular, is propaedeutic to set up an advanced coupled geotechnical-structural model to simulate both the landslide displacements and the behavior of interacting buildings and, therefore, to implement appropriate risk mitigation strategies over medium/long period.
Highlights
Studies and investigations pursuing the characterization of landslides represent the necessary background to identify the triggering factors and the possible causes within risk assessment activities aimed at predicting and mitigating the associated consequences
Phase Ia: Kinematic model and A-DInSAR-geotechnical velocity (DGV) map As a first step, the integrated analysis of the landslide geomorphological features, geotechnical logs and inclinometer data allowed to confirm the kinematic model of the landslide based on geomorphological data
The results show that beside the fact that A-DInSAR data can provide an overview of the kinematics of the landslides—as already pointed out by several Authors—their full integration with ground-based geotechnical monitoring data allows deriving the DGV map capable of spreading the detailed kinematic information within the boundaries of the landslide at hand
Summary
Studies and investigations pursuing the characterization of landslides represent the necessary background to identify the triggering factors and the possible causes within risk assessment activities aimed at predicting and mitigating the associated consequences. Urbanization, can limit or make it difficult the recognisance of geomorphological features (via both conventional image interpretation and in situ surveys) that usually help in landslide mapping (Guzzetti et al 2012; Antronico et al 2015; Jaboyedoff et al 2019). Both topographic and geotechnical monitoring equipment is not easy to be installed when the landslide-affected area is densely built up (Gullà et al 2017). Therein, more sophisticated numerical analysis can be developed—if soil mechanical properties and the groundwater regimen are adequately defined—for appropriate hazard and vulnerability assessment, which is necessary to plan and design reliable control works and risk mitigation strategies
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