Full Ground Ultra-Wideband Wearable Textile Antenna for Breast Cancer and Wireless Body Area Network Applications.

Asnor Juraiza Ishak,Sarmad Nozad Mahmood,Ali Jalal,Azura Che Soh,Qammer H. Abbasi,Tale Saeidi,Muhammad Ali Imran

doi:10.3390/mi12030322

Abstract

Wireless body area network (WBAN) applications have broad utility in monitoring patient health and transmitting the data wirelessly. WBAN can greatly benefit from wearable antennas. Wearable antennas provide comfort and continuity of the monitoring of the patient. Therefore, they must be comfortable, flexible, and operate without excessive degradation near the body. Most wearable antennas use a truncated ground, which increases specific absorption rate (SAR) undesirably. A full ground ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna is proposed and utilized here to attain a broad bandwidth while keeping SAR in the acceptable range based on both 1 g and 10 g standards. It is designed on a denim substrate with a dielectric constant of 1.4 and thickness of 0.7 mm alongside the ShieldIt conductive textile. The antenna is fed using a ground coplanar waveguide (GCPW) through a substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) transition. This transition creates a perfect match while reducing SAR. In addition, the proposed antenna has a bandwidth (BW) of 7–28 GHz, maximum directive gain of 10.5 dBi and maximum radiation efficiency of 96%, with small dimensions of 60 × 50 × 0.7 mm3. The good antenna’s performance while it is placed on the breast shows that it is a good candidate for both breast cancer imaging and WBAN.

Highlights

We introduce an ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna that can be utilized in two major applications: (1) wireless body area network (WBAN) and (2) breast cancer imaging
After checking the results obtained from chamfering the edges of the CPW ground and the rectangular patch, the antenna transition feeding from the ground coplanar waveguide (GCPW) to the substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) is started
The WBAN technologies have been used for vast applications such as health monitoring and surveillance

Summary

Introduction

Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Human movements result in unpredictable, asymmetrical crumpling, it is unreasonable to study a wearable antenna in a symmetrical crumple case [15] Controlling all these effects and keep consistency in performance during different bending conditions was performed to ensure that the resonant frequency operates within the required region [16] for multi-band or dual-band application. Few wearable ultra-wideband (UWB) antennas have been designed for use in breast cancer imaging. The UWB antennas presented in the literature, both wearable and non-flexible, showed limitations on the resolution, high SAR, and low performances having larger dimensions. The UWB antennas presented in the literature, both wearable and non-flexible, showed limitations on the resolution, high SAR, and low performances having larger diwearable antenna for use in detecting breast tumours. CPW slot and theand feeding the lower-end higher-end of the operating BW

The surface current distribution

Proposed Antenna for On- and Off-Body Conditions

The antenna’s coefficient resultsbending in different bending degrees:

13. Reconstructed from four arrays and aalgorithm robust time

Findings

Conclusions