Abstract
A flexible and totally wearable textile antenna is proposed by embroidering the conductive threads into garments. A purely polyester substrate has been utilized, which provides a tag that can be easily integrated with the clothes. The proposed tag antenna is small with dimensions of 72 × 20 × 2.75 mm3 and offers an enhanced performance in terms of gain and stability when worn on different body locations. Experimental results demonstrate an improved impedance matching owing to the elasticity of the E-shaped inductive feeder. Close agreement has been achieved between the simulated and measured results.
Highlights
Wireless body area networks (WBANs) have attracted much attention due to their wide range of applications in healthcare systems and rapid rescue services [1]
Wearable antennas represent essential elements for WBANs and, there is a noticeable need for convenient and mechanically pliable wearable antennas that can be fabricated using textile materials [2]. This objective can be addressed by considering the significant advancements that have been made in electro-textiles fabrication over the last decade [3]
Electro-textiles have been produced by embroidering conductive threads into a cloth when adopting conventional techniques that are used for general textiles [4,5]
Summary
Wireless body area networks (WBANs) have attracted much attention due to their wide range of applications in healthcare systems and rapid rescue services [1]. Wearable antennas represent essential elements for WBANs and, there is a noticeable need for convenient and mechanically pliable wearable antennas that can be fabricated using textile materials [2]. This objective can be addressed by considering the significant advancements that have been made in electro-textiles fabrication over the last decade [3]. In body-centric sensing systems, body-worn antennas are affected by a high dielectric constant and the resulting electrical conductivity and polarization properties, as well as by the absorptivity of human body tissues [1,5] Such effects may deteriorate the radiative power and matching, as well as altering the antenna impedance with respect to that in free space [7]. Lightweight flexible textile materials that conform to the RF characteristics need to be employed in order to avoid the structural non-flexibility of traditional metals such as copper
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