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Abstract
Microstructures of an ultra-thin SrTiO 3 layer sandwiched in between two a-axis oriented YBa 2Cu 3O 7− x ( a-YBCO) thin films on a SrTiO 3 substrate have been studied by cross-sectional high-resolution electron microscopy. The ultra thin (3 nm) homogenous SrTiO 3 layer has grown on a surface of a-YBCO thin film with higher coverage. The surface energy of a-YBCO thin film is higher than that of c-axis oriented YBCO ( c-YBCO) thin film. Therefore, a-YBCO offers a more chemically active surface allowing the SrTiO 3 layer to fully cover the a-YBCO surface. The presence of a shallow gradient in the slope of the surface, rather than the absolute height variation, was found to be key to obtain a pin-hole free junction. Pin-holes mainly occur on steep steps, caused by a 90° domain boundary or a nucleation of a c-YBCO pyramid at the bottom of an a-YBCO film.
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