Abstract
We show that multi-level diffractive microstructures can enable broadband, on-axis transmissive holograms that can project complex full-color images, which are invariant to viewing angle. Compared to alternatives like metaholograms, diffractive holograms utilize much larger minimum features (>10 µm), much smaller aspect ratios (<0.2) and thereby, can be fabricated in a single lithography step over relatively large areas (>30 mm ×30 mm). We designed, fabricated and characterized holograms that encode various full-color images. Our devices demonstrate absolute transmission efficiencies of >86% across the visible spectrum from 405 nm to 633 nm (peak value of about 92%), and excellent color fidelity. Furthermore, these devices do not exhibit polarization dependence. Finally, we emphasize that our devices exhibit negligible absorption and are phase-only holograms with high diffraction efficiency.
Highlights
The word, hologram originates from the Greek word, holos, which means whole[1]
We have described numerical studies of broadband transmissive holograms with peak efficiency greater than 90% that do not share any of the disadvantages of metasurfaces[18]
We extend the application of this concept to broadband computer-generated holography by designing, fabricating and characterizing a variety of holograms
Summary
The word, hologram originates from the Greek word, holos, which means whole[1]. In general, the whole refers to the ability to control phase and amplitude of a wavefront to create a desired intensity image projection. We experimentally demonstrate high-efficiency, on-axis, transparent, full-color holograms using such multi-level diffractive optics.
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