Fuel systems for feeding mixed fuels in high-speed diesel engines

Abstract

The article presents the results of the assembly and testing of the fuel system variants developed at the Moscow State Automobile and Road Technical University for the supply of mixed fuel with the possibility of changing their composition during the injection process. The nozzle housing for mixed fuel differs from the housing of the serial product by the presence of two channels for supplying to the atomizer, respectively, the main fuel and additive. The nozzle is equipped with a sprayer, which also has channels for supplying diesel and alternative fuels. The supply of diesel fuel through the axial channel in the nozzle of the nebulizer is also of fundamental importance, since it inevitably falls into the gap between the needle and the body and thereby facilitates the lubrication of this precision pair. Mixing of the components of the mixture is carried out in the cavity located at the base of the locking cone of the needle. This is another principal feature of the nozzle atomizer design, intended for mixed fuel. Motor fuel mixture research was carried out on a single-cylinder engine mounted on the universal crate of IT-9 (1 Ch 10.5 / 12). It is shown that an increase in the proportion of water in a mixture with diesel fuel leads to an improvement in the composition of combustion products in diesel. Thus, with a 50 % water content, carbon emissions are reduced by almost 10 times, nitrogen oxides by a factor of 2,6, and carbon oxide by a factor of 2,5. The working capacity of the development during its operation as a part of the diesel engine (2 Ch × 10.5 / 12) is shown and the possibility of improving its ecological characteristics with a reduction in the consumption of diesel fuel by partial replacement with ethanol is demonstrated.