Abstract
Pyrotechnic compositions using polyurethane as binder were designed to maximize the temperature of combustion and the burn rate. The flares consisted in mixtures of potassium perchlorate/Mg-Al alloy/polyurethane/additives. In order to determine the optimum input ratio that conducts to the most appropriate solution in terms of theoretical amount of heat released, specific volume of gaseous products and chemical composition, Explo5� thermochemical software runs were executed. Further, the temperature of combustion and the burn rate were determined by infrared thermography, while the heat of combustion and the specific volume of gases were obtained using an adiabatic calorimeter coupled with a Julius-Peters volumeter. The fuel ratio was varied in the compositions in order to optimize the combustion, and the addition of chlorinated rubber confirmed a significant enhancement in both parameters.
Highlights
Pyrotechnic compositions are widely used in military and industrial applications, life-saving equipment and fireworks display shows [1-3]
Materials The pyrotechnic formulations consisted in a polymer matrix obtained by solvent free cross-linking of a castor oil-based polyol - Sethatane D1150 (4.7±0.2% hydroxyl content, and 3500±500 mPa.s viscosity at 23oC, from Nuplex) with diphenylmethane diisocyanate - Desmodur VL (31.5±0.5% NCO groups, 90±20 mPa.s viscosity at 25oC, from Covestro) in a ratio of 2:1 by weight
Calculations were made in the range 500-2500 K, in order to determine the temperature at which the chemical equilibrium freezes, based on the measurements of specific volume and heat of combustion determined experimentally in the calorimeter
Summary
Pyrotechnic compositions are widely used in military and industrial applications, life-saving equipment and fireworks display shows [1-3]. The state-of-the-art in the field shows the use of Magnesium-Teflon-Viton (MTV) pyrotechnic formulations as the most mature infrared generating devices [4]. Recent research studies have evaluated the possibility of employing nitro aromatic and nitrogen rich compounds as a base for pyrotechnic compositions to obtain a bispectral emission, tailored for the sensing elements existent on board of the missile [5-7]. Though, these formulations lack in obtaining a satisfactory burn rate or an irradiative power
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