Abstract
The current study investigates the fuel properties, performance and emission characteristics in a variable compression ratio (VCR) diesel of the biodiesel produced from the waste cooking oil (WCO). The WCO samples were collected from the university and converted to biodiesel fuel with a two-step transesterification reaction. The fuel property tests showed that the properties of the WCO biodiesel were within the biodiesel standards. Diesel, WCO biodiesel and diesel-WCO biodiesel blend (B20) was used as fuel in a VCR engine. The performance and emission characteristics of the engine were measured at two different compression ratios (14:1 and 16:1) under partial load conditions. The experimental results showed that WCO biodiesel slightly decreased the brake thermal efficiency and thus increased specific fuel consumption. Biodiesel usage improved CO emissions up to 21,75% compared to diesel fuel. But, biodiesel usage increased CO 2 and NO x emission due to higher combustion temperature and extra oxygen content of the biodiesel.
Highlights
Fossil fuels which are the main energy source for transportation of people and goods are depleting as it is known widely and the price of the fuel is increasing due to demand and supply facts [1]
Fuel property tests shows that density of waste cooking oil (WCO) and B20 was higher than the diesel fuel, but the values were within the biodiesel standards EN 14214
The tests showed that WCO biodiesel has a higher kinematic viscosity than diesel fuel
Summary
Fossil fuels which are the main energy source for transportation of people and goods are depleting as it is known widely and the price of the fuel is increasing due to demand and supply facts [1]. The exhaust emissions of the internal combustion engines are formed by the combustion fuels and these gases include toxic pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), unburned hydrocarbons (UHC), sulphur dioxide (SO2), and etc. These toxic gases are dangereosly harmful for human healt and the nature [2]. Biodiesel, which can be derived from vegetable oils and animal fats has a potential of being a substitute since biodiesel fuels are less toxic and renewable [3]. The main raw material of biodiesel are mostly non-edible vegetable oils, animal fats and waste oils. Reproduction processes from the waste material are eco-friendly and economically useful since the raw materials are already used up and the unit reproduction cost can be pulled down of the original production cost in some cases
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