Fuel Properties of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) Produced with Fats of Gamma - Irradiated Mutants of Oleaginous Microalga - Chlorella sp. KM504965

Dhandapani Senthamilselvi,Thangavel Kalaiselvi

doi:10.29321/maj.10.000574

Abstract

In the current study, biodiesel properties of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) derived from fats of four gamma-irradiated mutants (Cl801, Cl802 Cl803 & Cl804) and wild type (ClWT) of Chlorella sp. KM504965 were determined and compared with American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), European Norm (EN) and Indian standards (IS). Maximum concentration of saturated fatty acids (62.69%), monounsaturated fatty acids (36.29%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (15.49%) recorded in ClWT, Cl801 and Cl803 respectively. The kinematic viscosity of Cl801 (4.88 mm2s -1), Cl802 (4.90 mm2s -1), Cl803 (4.73 mm2s -1), Cl804 (4.88 mm2s -1) and ClWT (4.92 mm2s -1) fits with ASTM, EN and IS. The density of Cl801 (0.83 gcm-3), Cl802 (0.84 gcm-3), Cl803 (0.78 gcm-3), Cl804 (0.80 gcm-3) and ClWT (0.81 gcm-3) was slightly lower than the standard limits (0.86 – 0.90 gcm-3). The high heating value of Cl801 (37.62 MJKg-1), Cl802 (38.15 MJKg-1), Cl803 (34.93 MJKg-1), Cl804 (36.44 MJKg-1) and ClWT (36.99 MJKg-1) were in accordance with ASTM standards. The iodine value was 47.38 mgI2 100g-1 (Cl801), 52.18 mgI2 100g-1 Volume xxx | Issue xxxx | 2 (Cl802), 50.87 mgI2100g-1 (Cl803), 47.04 mgI2100g-1 (Cl804), and 27.45 mgI2100g -1 (ClWT). The oxidative stability was 10.78 h (Cl801), 6.60 h (Cl802), 6.44 h (Cl803), 9.06 h (Cl804) and 39.83 h (ClWT). The cetane number of Cl801 (63.3), Cl802 (61.80), Cl803 (62.16), Cl804 (64.99) and ClWT (68.7) was greater than the standard values (61 to 65). It is concluded that the biodiesel from mutants could comply IS, ASTM, and EN and equivalent with biodiesel from vegetable oil.

Highlights

The increasing trend of global warming and the imminent depletion of natural energy reserves necessitate the development of cleaner and renewable alternate fuels like biofuel technologies. ''Due to raging 'food versus fuel' debates, first-generation biofuels based on food crops were discouraged
KM504965 The Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) profiles of the organisms play a crucial role in the selection of the candidate for quality biodiesel production (Thangavel et al, 2018)
The fatty acid chain length and degree of unsaturation are significant in determining their biodiesel properties (Thangavel et al, 2018)

Summary

Introduction

The increasing trend of global warming and the imminent depletion of natural energy reserves necessitate the development of cleaner and renewable alternate fuels like biofuel technologies. ''Due to raging 'food versus fuel' debates, first-generation biofuels based on food crops were discouraged. KM504965 (Cl801, Cl802, Cl803, and Cl804) and wild type (ClWT) were estimated in terms of kinematic viscosity (KV), density (ρ), high heating value (HHV), saponification value (SV), iodine value (IV), cetane number (CN), degree of unsaturation (DU) long-chain saturation factor (LCSF), cold filter plugging point (CFPP), and oxidative stability (OS) using the following analytical equations. FAME profile of gamma-irradiated mutants (Cl801, Cl802, Cl803, and Cl804) and wild type (ClWT) of Chlorella sp.

Results

Conclusion