Abstract
Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) are evolving rapidly since the introduction of Toyota Prius into the market in 1997. As the world needs more fuel-efficient vehicles to mitigate climate change, the role of HEVs and PHEVs are becoming ever more important. While fuel economies of HEVs and PHEVs are superior to those of internal combustion engine (ICE) powered vehicles, they are partially powered by batteries and therefore they resemble characteristics of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) such as dependence of fuel economy on ambient temperatures. It is also important to understand how different extent of hybridization (a.k.a., hybridization ratio) affects fuel economy under various driving conditions. In addition, it is of interest to understand how HEVs and PHEVs compare with BEVs at a similar vehicle weight. This study investigated the relationship between vehicle mass and vehicle performance parameters, mainly fuel economy and driving range of PHEVs focused on 2018 and 2019 model years using the test data available from fuel economy website of the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Previous studies relied on modeling to understand mass impact on fuel economy for HEV as there were not enough number of HEVs in the market to draw a trendline at the time. The study also investigated the effect of ambient temperature for HEVs and PHEVs and kinetic energy recovery of the regenerative braking using the vehicle testing data for model year 2013 and 2015 from Idaho National Lab (INL). The current study assesses current state-of-art for PHEVs. It also provides analysis of experimental results for validation of vehicle dynamic and other models for PHEVs and HEVs.
Highlights
In efforts to reduce air pollution and emissions of greenhouse gases, many countries promote sales and development of zero emissions vehicles (ZEVs), such as battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs)
Brooker et al [8] studied vehicle weight loss impact for conventional vehicles (CVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and BEVs using a vehicle powertrain model. They reported that cost reductions associated with vehicle mass reduction were greatest for PHEVs and BEVs while the cost of a powertrain for CVs and HEVs were still lower compared to other advanced powertrains
The current study aims to investigate and analyze relationships between vehicle mass and vehicle performance parameters mainly fuel economy and driving range of PHEVs focused on 2018 and 2019 MY in North
Summary
In efforts to reduce air pollution and emissions of greenhouse gases, many countries promote sales and development of zero emissions vehicles (ZEVs), such as battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs). They concluded that CVs are more mass sensitive than HEVs and FCEVs with powertrain resizing They reported powertrain resizing has less effect on fuel economy of HEVs compared to that of CVs. Brooker et al [8] studied vehicle weight loss impact for CVs, HEVs, PHEVs and BEVs using a vehicle powertrain model. Brooker et al [8] studied vehicle weight loss impact for CVs, HEVs, PHEVs and BEVs using a vehicle powertrain model They reported that cost reductions associated with vehicle mass reduction were greatest for PHEVs and BEVs while the cost of a powertrain for CVs and HEVs were still lower compared to other advanced powertrains. While the effects of ambient temperature on fuel economy is relatively well known for BEVs, there is a lack of information for HEVs and PHEVs
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