Abstract
Concerns regarding global climate change have caused the transportation sector to look for alternatives to petroleum as a fuel for vehicles of all types. Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) have been recognized as being particularly efficient for urban traffic use. In the last few years, Four wheel drive (4WD) transmissions have been developed for heavy passenger vehicles. As these vehicles become more popular, there is a need for accurate fuel consumptions test methods. Clearly the most accurate fuel consumption measurements would be obtained by using dual axis dynamometers, but these systems are not always available. Single axis dynamometers are commonly used for evaluating fuel consumption, but these are inadequate for 4WD vehicles without adjustments to account for the uncertainty that will result from disabling one of the drive axles.This paper describes a method for extrapolating fuel consumption results from single axle chassis dynamometer testing to estimate the fuel consumption of 4WD vehicles. A simple method is proposed that will allow reasonable estimates of fuel consumption for 4WD vehicles to be made from single axle dynamometer testing.This paper also describes methods to reduce the uncertainty in 4WD chassis dynamometer testing by paying particular attention to road load, tire conditions and restraint characteristics.
Highlights
Energy efficiency evaluation of HEVs is important to classify the vehicles by efficiency performance or to confirm the efficiency level to clear the certain level such as the threshold level for green tax
The above mentioned two problems are discussed: The first one is on the method to confirm the validity of the test result of 4WD HEV obtained on single axis chassis dynamometer
We propose simple test method to check if the result on single axis chassis dynamometer is equal to the one on double axes chassis dynamometer or not
Summary
Energy efficiency evaluation of HEVs is important to classify the vehicles by efficiency performance or to confirm the efficiency level to clear the certain level such as the threshold level for green tax. A fuel consumption test of 4WD HEVs should be conducted on double axes chassis dynamometer. The above mentioned two problems are discussed: The first one is on the method to confirm the validity of the test result of 4WD HEV obtained on single axis chassis dynamometer (the HEV is modified to 2WD condition). We propose simple test method to check if the result on single axis chassis dynamometer is equal to the one on double axes chassis dynamometer or not. As this test can be conducted on a proving ground (no double axes chassis dynamometer is required) only by measuring battery current history It is important to manage tire loss variation in test periods and the management on vehicle restraint procedure is important to keep the test vehicle in adequate condition
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