Abstract
ABSTRACT Availability and reliability of backup power sources are a major concern in the United States. Weather conditions and a fragile power infrastructure have caused blackouts across the country, making customers and service providers look for backup power solutions that offer durability and flexibility, at a reasonable cost. More recently, the realization that our power generation and distribution system may be vulnerable to interruptions increased this need significantly. There are a variety of backup electrical power systems that all strive to provide power when the grid power is unavailable; yet how each system achieves this goal is very different. For many years, backup power has been provided primarily by valve-regulated lead-acid (VRLA) battery systems (i.e., UPS systems) and engine-generator sets. More recently, ultra capacitors, flywheels and new battery technologies have been employed. Although each technology has some advantages; the disadvantages are significant enough that service provide...
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