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Abstract
The fuel-cell electric vehicle (FCEV) has been defined as a promising way to avoid road transport greenhouse emissions, but nowadays, they are not commercially available. However, few studies have attempted to monitor the global scientific research and technological profile of FCEVs. For this reason, scientific research and technological development in the field of FCEV from 1999 to 2019 have been researched using bibliometric and patent data analysis, including network analysis. Based on reports, the current status indicates that FCEV research topics have reached maturity. In addition, the analysis reveals other important findings: (1) The USA is the most productive in science and patent jurisdiction; (2) both Chinese universities and their authors are the most productive in science; however, technological development is led by Japanese car manufacturers; (3) in scientific research, collaboration is located within the tri-polar world (North America–Europe–Asia-Pacific); nonetheless, technological development is isolated to collaborations between companies of the same automotive group; (4) science is currently directing its efforts towards hydrogen production and storage, energy management systems related to battery and hydrogen energy, Life Cycle Assessment, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The technological development focuses on technologies related to electrically propelled vehicles; (5) the International Journal of Hydrogen Energy and SAE Technical Papers are the two most important sources of knowledge diffusion. This study concludes by outlining the knowledge map and directions for further research.
Highlights
The increase in energy use and related emissions was generated by a higher demand for heat from the residential and commercial sectors and road transport demand; road transport greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions increased for the second subsequent year, continuing the upward trend in emissions that started in 2014 [1]
In order to help all actors involved in clean transport, it is useful to understand how scientific research is evolving and whether it is having an impact on its technological development
The 2514 publications were published in 721 different sources; the works are not centered around a few journals, but more than 20% were published in two sources
Summary
The increase in energy use and related emissions was generated by a higher demand for heat from the residential and commercial sectors and road transport demand; road transport greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions increased for the second subsequent year, continuing the upward trend in emissions that started in 2014 [1]. One of the most promising ways to achieve an ideal zero-emissions replacement is to use cleanly produced electricity from non-fossil fuels, such as hydrogen, using fuel-cell technology [7]. In the European Strategic Energy Technology Plan, hydrogen and fuel-cell technologies are identified as the key technologies for achieving GHG reduction targets by 2050 [9,10], and in the European Community Research Program, electromobility is a priority. In order to help all actors involved in clean transport, it is useful to understand how scientific research is evolving and whether it is having an impact on its technological development
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