Abstract
The effects of low molecular weight fucoidan (LMWF) in combination with high-stability fucoxanthin (HSFUCO) on cardiac function and the metabolic pathways of aging mice (Mus musculus) were investigated. We demonstrated that LMWF and HSFUCO could improve cardiac function in aging mice. Aging mice were treated with LMWF and HSFUCO, either on their own or in combination, on 28 consecutive days. Electrocardiography and whole-cell patch-clamp were used to measure QT interval and action potential duration (APD) of the subjects. Cardiac tissue morphology, reactive oxygen species, and Western blot were also applied. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight (UPLC-QTOF) mass spectrometry was used for investigating metabolic alterations. The use of LMWF and HSFUCO resulted in improvements in both ventricular rhythms (QT and APD). Treatment with fucoidan and fucoxanthin reduced the expression levels of SOS1 and GRB2 while increasing GSK3β, CREB and IRS1 proteins expression in the aging process. Three main metabolic pathways, namely the TCA cycle, glycolysis, and steroid hormone biosynthesis, were highly enriched in the pathway enrichment analysis. When taken together, the LMWF and HSFUCO treatment improved both the ventricular rhythm and the muscular function of aging subjects by interfering with the metabolism and gene function.
Highlights
Aging is a process accompanied by many associated degenerative diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and dementia [1]
The cardioprotective effects of LMF and high-stability fucoxanthin (HSFUCO) were assessed in C57BL/6 mice based on hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)
In the YC group, the cardiac muscles were well aligned with less interstitial tissue, while the cardiac tissue from the SC group indicated a high proportion of fibrosis over almost the entire area
Summary
Aging is a process accompanied by many associated degenerative diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and dementia [1]. Numerous brown seaweeds contain this sulfated, fucosylated polysaccharide phytochemical compound. Antitumor [9], antiviral [10], anti-inflammatory [11], and anticoagulant [12] activities are the main properties of this compound, which are strongly associated with its molecular weight [13] and sulfate content [14]. Several studies have focused on low molecular weight fucoidan due to its higher level of biological activity [15,20,21,22,23]. Fucoidan has been used with myocardial infarction in a rat model, and here it showed a cardioprotective effect by reversing the damage to the region induced by isoproterenol [24]. Fucoidan can protect against the damage caused by myocardial
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