Abstract
The secondary cell wall development of cotton fibers harvested at 18, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36 and 40 days after flowering was examined using attenuated total reflection Fourier transform-infrared (ATR FT-IR) spectroscopy. Spectra of deuterated cotton fibers did not demonstrate significant changes in their O–H stretching band shapes or positions during development. Only a progressive increase in O–H band intensity was observed. Results indicate that the highly crystalline cellulose component produced during secondary cell wall formation maintains the hydrogen bonding network observed for the primary cell wall. Other general changes were observed for the regular ATR spectra. A progressive intensity increase for bands assigned to cellulose Iβ was observed during fiber development, including a marked intensity increase for vibrations at 1002 and 985 cm−1. In contrast, C–O vibrational bands from dominant conformations observed at 1104, 1052, 1028 cm−1 undergo a modest intensity increase during secondary cell wall development.
Highlights
Cotton fibers are exceedingly long cells that grow from the epidermal cells of the cotton seed [1].When fully mature, these linear appendages are mostly composed of cellulose, but they contain small amounts of cellular proteins, pectic materials, waxes, sugars, organic acids and trace amounts of other chemical compounds [2,3]
Ease of growth, and relative structural and biological simplicity, cotton fibers are suitable for examining changes that occur during plant cell wall development
During fiber initiation, which begins prior to the day of anthesis (DOA), a portion of ovule epidermal cells differentiate into fiber cells [1]
Summary
Cotton fibers are exceedingly long cells that grow from the epidermal cells of the cotton seed [1] When fully mature, these linear appendages are mostly composed of cellulose, but they contain small amounts of cellular proteins, pectic materials, waxes, sugars, organic acids and trace amounts of other chemical compounds [2,3]. These linear appendages are mostly composed of cellulose, but they contain small amounts of cellular proteins, pectic materials, waxes, sugars, organic acids and trace amounts of other chemical compounds [2,3] Due to their length, ease of growth, and relative structural and biological simplicity, cotton fibers are suitable for examining changes that occur during plant cell wall development. Band assignments reflect reports of highly crystalline cellulose Iβ [16], the predominant component of cellulose in higher plants
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