FT-IR methodology (transmission and UATR) to quantify automotive systems

Ana Carolina Ferreira,Milton Faria Diniz,Elizabeth Da Costa Mattos

doi:10.1590/0104-1428.2412

Abstract

Abstract When using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) under the qualitative aspect for characterization of polymer blends, often a simple identification of each one of the existing polymers in the blend does not justify the material failure since different amounts of each component may result in different mechanical properties, which should be a possible cause for of material failure when applied to an automotive part. Thus, seeking for a better justification in the understanding of material failure analysis, a new quantitative FT-IR methodology was developed in the mid-infrared region (MIR), using the transmission techniques and universal attenuated reflectance for the determination of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) and polycarbonate (PC). Transmission mode was more suitable. The relative band (A831 /A2237) was chosen for the preparation of the calibration curve that showed a 0.99% error methodology, which is within the FT-IR spectrometer accuracy limit (≤ 2%); therefore, it is accurate for the analysis of the system.

Highlights

As known, the polymers exhibit thermal stability, the bumpers, the upholstery, the carpets, the head and tail resistance to chemical action, mechanical properties, among lamps, as well as in the door trim panels and in the roof.others, and are currently one of the most used materials, Probably, in the future, polymers will be used in other places as external and internal components, in the automotive of such automotive systems[3].industry
In the European automotive industry, the plastics or thermoplastics materials contribute to 10% of the total weight of the vehicle, and about 41% of this material are made up of polypropylene (PP), 20% polyamide or nylon (PA), 14% Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), 6% PC, 6% polyacetal (POM), 5% poly (PBT), 2% poly (PMMA), and other materials
The present study evaluates the applicability of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) transmission and reflection absorption spectroscopy, with existing laboratory facilities in AQI-Instituto de Aeronáutica e Espaço (IAE), for the identification and quantification of the polymer base, used in different automotive industrial formulations

Summary

Introduction

About 100 kg of plastics are used inside and/or outside the vehicle[1]. By incorporation of loads and changes in mechanical and thermal properties by the “healing” process, making them engineering plastics[4]. In the European automotive industry, the plastics or thermoplastics materials contribute to 10% of the total weight of the vehicle, and about 41% of this material are made up of polypropylene (PP), 20% polyamide or nylon (PA), 14% ABS, 6% PC, 6% polyacetal (POM), 5% poly (butylene terephthalate) (PBT), 2% poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), and other materials. In the American vehicle industry, 38% of plastic materials are inside the car, 29% in the body, 10% in the hood and 23% in the powertrain system and chassis. The choice of polymer materials is at 47% PVC, 20% PP, 5% polyurethane, and other materials; the non-plastic ones correspond to 28%[2]

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Results

Conclusion