Abstract
The importance of biochemical content of fruits in human health and nutrition is understood more and more day by day. In this study, new local varieties were added to apple genetic resources and the correlation between biochemical contents and agro-morphological properties of fruits belonging to them was revealed. It was observed that the total phenolics amount varied between 20.13 (“Bag”) mg GAE kg−1 and 80.59 (“Yeşil”) mg GAE kg−1. The highest total antioxidant capacity was determined as 90.96% in “Yeşil” variety. Potassium (K) content, which is among the macronutrients, was determined as the highest value in “Bağ” variety (7993.31 mg kg−1) and in “Zuza” variety (7983.31 mg kg−1). It was determined that the Fe content (iron) varied between as 14.17 mg kg−1 (“Zuza”) and 5.75 mg kg−1 (“Bağ”) and was higher than other micronutrients. In the light of the results obtained in this study, it was concluded that fruits belonging to new local apple varieties are rich in biochemical contents and these varieties can be used as genetic resources in plant breeding studies.
Highlights
Anatolia is accepted as the homeland of many horticultural crops [1,2,3,4,5]
Significant differences were found between local apple varieties in terms of fruit characteristics and biochemical properties (Table 2)
It was observed that Yeşil and Bağ varieties came to the fore in terms of Mg, P, N, Vitamin C, Mn and antioxidant capacity (DPPH) values
Summary
Turkey has many wild and local apple genetic resources. This species of richness offers different usage possibilities for fruit breeders [2]. Anatolia is a key country in terms of global biodiversity in terms of its location at the crossroads of three different continents. It has a complex topography and geomorphology. With these features, it contains a wide variety of habitats and species, especially a rich flora. Turkey’s wealth of biodiversity reveals the importance in global terms. Three of the thirty-four intensive biodiversity hotspots on Earth (the Caucasus, the Mediterranean and Irano-Anatolian) intersect in Turkey [6,7,8]. Morphology and biochemical contents of fruits are affected by many factors such as ecological conditions, cultural practices and genetic features [9]
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