Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in commercial mango orchards in a semiarid region of Brazil

Márcia Mayara De Sousa,Elania Clementino Fernandes,Elton Lucio Araujo,Douglas Rafael Silva Barbosa,Janisete Gomes Silva

doi:10.1590/0100-29452019347

Abstract

Abstract Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are important mango (Mangifera indica L.) pests in several parts of the world. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to know the species of fruit flies associated with commercial mango orchards in a semiarid region of Rio Grande do Norte state, Brazil; report the species of quarantine importance; discuss the influence of the semiarid environment on the distribution of the species and verify their faunistic indices. The study was carried out between July 2011 and June 2014 in ten commercial orchards of mango cultivar Tommy Atkins in the semiarid region of the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Northeastern Brazil. Fruit flies were captured in McPhail traps baited with 5% hydrolyzed corn protein (Bio Anastrepha®). Mangoes fruits were also collected. Faunistic analysis was performed to characterize the populations. Eight fruit fly species (Anastrepha spp. and C. capitata) were captured. The species C. capitata had the highest geographic distribution and was the only one to infest mangoes. The faunistic analysis showed that most of the orchards had low species richness and that C. capitata was the most frequent and predominant species.

Highlights

Material and MethodsMango (Mangifera indica L.) is one of the most cultivated and traded tropical fruits in the world
In Brazil, fruit fly species of economic and quarantine importance belong to the genus Anastrepha Schiner and Ceratitis Macquart, with the latter being represented only by Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (ZUCCHI, 2015; ZUCCHI, 2017)
The species captured were C. capitata (91.34%), Anastrepha dissimilis (Stone) (3.36%), A. fraterculus (0.11%), A. obliqua (1.91%), Anastrepha pickeli (Lima) (0.04%), Anastrepha serpentina (Wiedemann) (0.04%), Anastrepha sororcula Zucchi (2.75%,) and Anastrepha zenildae Zucchi (0.45%) (Table 2)

Summary

Introduction

Material and MethodsMango (Mangifera indica L.) is one of the most cultivated and traded tropical fruits in the world. In Brazil, the largest planted area (45,000 hectars) and 75% of fresh mango export is concentrated in the Northeastern region (ABF, 2017). Part of the Brazilian mango production is not exported due to quarantine restrictions of importing countries. Several countries around the world consider some fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) species as pests of economic and quarantine importance (MEYER et al, 2010; VILLIERS et al, 2013; QIN et al, 2015). In Brazil, fruit fly species of economic and quarantine importance belong to the genus Anastrepha Schiner and Ceratitis Macquart, with the latter being represented only by Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (ZUCCHI, 2015; ZUCCHI, 2017). The species C. capitata, Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart) and Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) are considered the most important fruit flies that infesting mango in Brazil (MALAVASI et al, 2000; ZUCCHI, 2015)

Objectives

Results

Conclusion