Fruit and vegetable consumption, leisure-time physical activity and binge drinking in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, according to the Health Vulnerability Index.

Laís Santos De Magalhães Cardoso,Alexandra Dias Moreira,Deborah Carvalho Malta,Crizian Saar Gomes,Regina Tomie Ivata Bernal,Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro

doi:10.1590/1980-549720210013.supl.1

Laís Santos De Magalhães Cardoso, Alexandra Dias Moreira + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720210013.supl.1

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Abstract

To estimate the prevalence of fruit and vegetable consumption, practice of leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and binge drinking for small areas of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Ecological study conducted with data from the Surveillance System for Risk and Protection Factors for Noncommunicable Diseases by Telephone Survey (Sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico - Vigitel). The prevalence of risk and protection factors from 2006 to 2013 were estimated and the 95% confidence intervals calculated. "Small areas" corresponded to the municipality division into four strata of health risk classification given by the Health Vulnerability Index 2012 (Índice de Vulnerabilidade à Saúde - IVS). The mean prevalences for the period were: about 42% of regular intake of fruit and vegetable, 34.7% of leisure time activity and 20.4% of binge drinking. The prevalence of fruit and vegetable consumption was higher in low-risk areas (58.5%; 95%CI 56.8 - 60.2) and lower in very high-risk areas (32.3%; 95%CI 27.7 - 36.9). The practice of LTPA was higher in low-risk areas (40.8%; 95%CI 38.9 - 42.8) and lower in very high risk (25.2%; 95%CI 20.6 - 29.9). Binge drinking was higher in low-risk areas (22.9%; 95%CI 21.7 - 24.2) compared to very high-risk areas (14.3%; 95%CI 11.4 - 17.3). It was identified a gradient in the distribution of risk and protection factors for noncommunicable diseases in Belo Horizonte according to the risk classification. This information can support programs aimed at reducing health inequalities, especially in the most vulnerable areas.

Highlights

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) represent the major cause of morbidity and mortality in the world and in Brazil, in addition to resulting in premature deaths, disabilities, loss of quality of life, and important economic impacts[1]
Considering the analyzed periods, Belo Horizonte had a mean prevalence of approximately 41.8% of regular fruits and vegetables (FV) consumption, just over a third of the respondents reported having leisure time physical activity (LTPA) (34.7%) and about a fifth, consuming alcohol in a binge drinking pattern (20.4%)
The prevalence of FV consumption was higher in low-risk areas (58.5%; 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) 56.8 – 60.2) and lower in very high-risk areas (32.3%; 95%CI 27.7 – 36.9)

Summary

Introduction

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) represent the major cause of morbidity and mortality in the world and in Brazil, in addition to resulting in premature deaths, disabilities, loss of quality of life, and important economic impacts[1]. NCDs are responsible for 41 million deaths worldwide (71% of all deaths)[2]. In Brazil, NCDs are the most frequent causes of death and accounted for 75% of them in 2015, followed by external causes[3]. Evidence indicates a proportional increase in NCDs due to the growth of the four main risk factors, which include smoking, unhealthy eating, physical inactivity, and excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages[4]. The burden of NCDs, as well as the risk factors mentioned, is distributed in a heterogeneous manner at the global and national levels. Low- and middle-income countries are the most affected and the poorest and most vulnerable populations are those most at risk and with least access to treatment[5]

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