Abstract
Lapatinib and capecitabine have been widely used in the therapy of breast cancer. However, long-term use of lapatinib and capecitabine often causes the most common side effect diarrhea, which limit the medicine use. Fructus mume (F. mume) has been proved to be effective to treat chronic diarrhea with few side effects. The compounds from F. mume were extracted by using an ethanol method. Extracts of F. mume (EFM) were analyzed by HPLC. We investigated the protective effects of EFM on the diarrhea caused by lapatinib and capecitabine. From March 1st, 2016 to June 1st, 2017, 208 breast cancer patients with diarrhea caused by lapatinib and capecitabine were recruited. The patients were evenly assigned into two groups: EG group (the patients took 100 mg EFM daily) and CG group (the patients took placebo daily). The effects of EFM on diarrhea and gastrointestinal symptoms were measured by a semiquantitative method seven-point Likert scale. Overall quality of life was measured by SF-36 questionnaire and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The HPLC analysis showed that there were three components in EFM, including citric acid, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), and chlorogenic acid. Breast cancer types were observed by using Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain. The breast cancer can be divided into leaflet, gland and fibroblast types. Patient age, skin metastases, treatment, and grade 1 diarrhea were significant risk factors associated with for grade 2 diarrhea. EFM reduced diarrhea and gastrointestinal symptoms by reducing the average scores of the diarrhea symptom and seven-point Likert scale, and improved life quality of patients significantly by improving SF-36 scores and reducing HADS scores when compared to that in the CG group after 6-week therapy and further 4-week follow-up (P < 0.05). EFM may be a potential choice for the diarrhea therapy in breast cancer patients.
Highlights
Lapatinib is an oral administration drug for the therapy of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) of the epidermal growth factor receptor (Lin et al, 2015)
The RSDs of the peak areas of the components, the peak areas of the obtained citric acid, 5-HMF, and the chlorogenic acid were 1.6, 2.1, and 1.5%, respectively. It indicated that the contents of the ingredients of Extracts of F. mume (EFM) were stable as Table 2 showed
Each additional cycle Skin metastases Grade I diarrhea in prior cycle Therapy started in the spring Planned dose of capecitabine/cycle Brain metastases
Summary
Lapatinib is an oral administration drug for the therapy of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) of the epidermal growth factor receptor (Lin et al, 2015). Lapatinib is effective in treating HER2-positive MBC, but it can cause serious side effects, diarrhea (Dang et al, 2010; Dranitsaris and Lacouture, 2014) and skin rash (Parham et al, 2015; Sonnenblick et al, 2016). Capecitabine is another oral drug used in the therapy of breast cancer. Capecitabine may cause hand-foot syndrome (Scontre et al, 2017; Singh et al, 2018), stomatitis (Mignogna et al, 2009), and diarrhea (Dranitsaris and Lacouture, 2014)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
