Frontiers of biology in human diseases: strategies for biomolecule's discovery, nanobiotechnologies and biophotonics

Abstract

The current frontiers in biological sciences demand an interface among disciplines of biology, chemistry, and physics to achieve new paradigms in applied nanobiotechnologies to health. An extraordinary amount of information on genomes, transcriptomes, proteomes, metabolomes, miRNAs, lncRNAs, protein editing, post-translational modifications, exosomes, molecular interactions, cell signaling, structural biology, immunology, cellular receptors, interactomes, and bioinformatics are opening new possibilities for biological manipulations aiming improved diagnostics and therapeutics. New rationale is required to use available technologies that intersect among imaging, electrochemistry, biophotonics, nanotechnologies and combinatorial molecules. A massive, diverse and broad knowledge on multidisciplinary aspects have been provided in the last few years, and the challenge is to combine recent technologies and information to identify revolutionary platforms for the progression of life sciences. This brief review will discuss examples of epitope-based and combinatorial antibody and nucleic acid (aptamers) selection technologies in association with nanobiotechnologies and their multiple applications in biomedical sciences.