Abstract
Fierce rivalry between the Bakhtiyari and the Qashqa’i made southern Iran highly unstable and the nomadic factor in this area was important during World War I. Tribes were virtually autonomous in many parts of the country until Riza Khan, later Riza Shah, claimed power in a coup and began his brutal suppression of the Lurs, Kurds, Bakhtiyari, and other groups. Attempts to forcibly sedentarize Iran’s nomads both before and after World War II caused deep-seated changes in nomadic society and economy. A resurgence of nomadic identity coincided with the Iranian Revolution of 1979.
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