Abstract

A harmonious family of three generations living under one roof is often an assumed image of a Chinese traditional family. In reality, few Chinese families resemble this image. My article uses the Chung family history to illustrate how a family in rural Guangdong, South China, experienced a fast social ascent or descent in one generation. Its history reveals many aspects of Chinese family tradition, such as filial piety, equal inheritance system among sons, or education as an important family agenda. The rise and fall of this family also helps us understand the competitive social environment of Guangdong that sent hundreds of thousand immigrants overseas in the mid-nineteenth and early twentieth century. When some members of the Chung family migrated overseas, other members followed. The Chung lineage, similar to numerous Cantonese immigrant families in America, became transnational in culture.

Highlights

  • A harmonious family of three generations living under one roof is often an assumed image of a Chinese family

  • While women did household chores, men toiled in carefully cultivated tiny rice fields in self-sufficient farming. This image stands for inadaptability and the changeless nature of Chinese family culture

  • The rise and fall of the Chung family are more than a tale of family feuds over property

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Summary

Introduction

A harmonious family of three generations living under one roof is often an assumed image of a Chinese family. While women did household chores, men toiled in carefully cultivated tiny rice fields in self-sufficient farming This image stands for inadaptability and the changeless nature of Chinese family culture. The rise and fall of the Chung family are more than a tale of family feuds over property It shows how Chinese families negotiated and adapted to the competitive economic and social environment of Guangdong in the 19th century. Similar to many immigrant families from Guangdong, the Chung family became transnational in life and culture. Yitang and Sam worked hard to support the family. As parents, they made sure their children could get a good education. The Chung family lived in Niushan (Cattle Hill) Village, Kaiping County.

The Origin of the Chung Family
An Ancestor of Eighteen Children
Education and Ancestral Hall as Symbol of Success
Sibling Feuds over Family Property
Migration to America
Names in Chinese Family Culture
The Chung Family Become Transnational
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