Abstract
The Teutonic Order was founded in 1190. During the siege of Acre by a Christian army, crusaders of Bremen and perhaps of Lübeck established a hospital for wounded and sick German pilgrims. 1 They stretched a sail to protect the patients against the sun and gave the administration of the hospital to a brotherhood, directed by a master. Duke Frederick of Suevia, a son of the Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa, transformed the brotherhood into a hospitaller order in 1190 and asked his brother, King Henry VI, for confirmation and for confirmation by the pope. Both happened in 1191, and Pope Clement III took the order under the protection of the Holy See. At that time a cleric, perhaps a priest, had the leading position in the order. 2
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