From Raw to Finished Cotton—Characterization by Interface Phenomena

Anita Tarbuk,Barbara Simončič,Ana Marija Grancarić,Samira Hadžić

doi:10.2478/aut-2021-0055

Anita Tarbuk, Barbara Simončič + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.2478/aut-2021-0055

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Abstract

Abstract Interface phenomena that occur at the solid–liquid interface, such as wettability, adsorption, and particle aggregation, depend on the kind and magnitude of the solid surface free energy and electrokinetic properties found in water solutions. These phenomena are crucial for textile dyeing, finishing, and care. They characterize the material surface and change with different material pretreatment and finishing. In this paper, electrokinetic potential, isoelectric point, point of zero charge, a specific amount of surface charge and surface free energy of raw, enzymatically scoured, bleached, and finished cotton fabrics were investigated. Electrokinetic potential was measured by a streaming potential method and a specific quantity of surface charge by the back-titration method. For determination of the solid surface free energy components, the thin-layer wicking and contact-angle methods were used. On the basis of these results, components of solid surface free energy were calculated and discussed.

Highlights

The most important phases in the textile finishing are adsorption and wettability of textile material
The IR spectra of di-methylol-dihydroxy-ethylene urea (DMDHEU)-treated cellulose showed a significant difference in the intensity and the shape of the band at 900 cm-1, which is very sensitive to conformational changes of the interglucosidal bond [20]
In the case of raw cotton, hydroxyl and carboxyl groups existed, but they were covered by noncellulose compounds

Summary

Introduction

The most important phases in the textile finishing are adsorption and wettability of textile material. At the interface of electrically charged textile fibers and an aqueous solution of electrolyte, surfactants or dyes, an electric double layer is set up, inducing the electrokinetic potential (ZP). Specific adsorption of ions or dissociation of the surface groups in aqueous solution results with their surface charge, which depends on their molecular and supramolecular structure, swelling capacity, ionogenity, structure, and concentration of adsorbate [5, 13]. These phenomena are crucial for textile dyeing and finishing as well as for textile care

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