Abstract
This essay examines the issues surrounding the multiplication of the figurative image in the Islamic world from the nineteenth century onward. The influence of Western art and artists led to a gradual adoption of figurative images in the Islamic world and the foundation of art institutions, which encouraged figurative art as part of a process of modernization. The essay discusses the importance of paintings, monuments, photography, and new media, such as film and digital art, in the Islamic world. The concluding discussion reveals how the attitudes of religious authorities towards image-making oscillate between condemnation, disapproval, and the use of the image for different purposes. The essay draws a nuanced picture of the place of the image in the Islamic world, suggesting that the “image question” is bound up with the relationship between Islam and the West.
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