Abstract
Abstract. The research aims to optimize a workflow of architecture documentation: starting from panoramic photos, tackling available instruments and technologies to propose an integrated, quick and low-cost solution of Virtual Architecture. The broader research background shows how to use spherical panoramic images for the architectural metric survey. The input data (oriented panoramic photos), the level of reliability and Image-based Modeling methods constitute an integrated and flexible 3D reconstruction approach: from the professional survey of cultural heritage to its communication in virtual museum. The proposed work results from the integration and implementation of different techniques (Multi-Image Spherical Photogrammetry, Structure from Motion, Imagebased Modeling) with the aim to achieve high metric accuracy and photorealistic performance. Different documentation chances are possible within the proposed workflow: from the virtual navigation of spherical panoramas to complex solutions of simulation and virtual reconstruction. VR tools make for the integration of different technologies and the development of new solutions for virtual navigation. Image-based Modeling techniques allow 3D model reconstruction with photo realistic and high-resolution texture. High resolution of panoramic photo and algorithms of panorama orientation and photogrammetric restitution vouch high accuracy and high-resolution texture. Automated techniques and their following integration are subject of this research. Data, advisably processed and integrated, provide different levels of analysis and virtual reconstruction joining the photogrammetric accuracy to the photorealistic performance of the shaped surfaces. Lastly, a new solution of virtual navigation is tested. Inside the same environment, it proposes the chance to interact with high resolution oriented spherical panorama and 3D reconstructed model at once.
Highlights
Nowadays there are different approaches to architecture documentation and survey, more or less direct, effective and affordable in terms of economy and user professionalism
The photogrammetric Structure from Motion (Snavely et al, 2006, 2007) and automatic restitution (Furukawa, 2007) techniques are wide spread even if hard to control and trust in term of metric reliability. Strong point is their low-cost feature and the possibility to use them as useful aid for the modeling of complex surfaces otherwise wasteful for the only Spherical Photogrammetry
Working with panoramic images, it is possible to improve Structure from Motion (SfM) results with fewer pics characterized by geometric quality and high resolution (d’Annibale, 2011)
Summary
Nowadays there are different approaches to architecture documentation and survey, more or less direct, effective and affordable in terms of economy and user professionalism. The work here presented comes from a broader research background (Fangi, 2007-2012), studying how multiple spherical images can be a low-cost and complete source of documentation and architecture survey, when used as starting point for different techniques, mostly Multi-Image Spherical Photogrammetry (MISP) and Structure from Motion (SfM). Integrating these different restitution solutions is possible to optimize the model according to the final purpose (GIS publication, museum communication, rigorous geometric survey). Figure 1. 3D model (low-poly) with photorealistic texture from oriented spherical panoramas
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