From neural stem cells to oligodendrocytes: postnatal oligodendrogenesis as a target for MS therapy

Abstract

Event Abstract Back to Event From neural stem cells to oligodendrocytes: postnatal oligodendrogenesis as a target for MS therapy Joana M. Mateus1, 2, Marta A. Gomes1, 2, Rita Soares1, 2, Sara L. Paulo1, 2, Ângelo F. Chora2, Ana M. Sebastião1, 2 and Sara Xapelli1, 2* 1 Institute of Pharmacology and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Portugal 2 Institute of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Portugal Oligodendrocytes (OLs), the myelinating cells of the Central Nervous System (CNS), are generated upon differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), which possess proliferative and migratory capabilities and are present in the CNS postnatally. Under pathological conditions such as in Multiple Sclerosis (MS), there is a depletion of OLs, but the OPCs present in the brain parenchyma or derived from subventricular zone (SVZ) neural stem cells (NSCs) can differentiate, migrate and partially remyelinate the lesioned areas. Herein, we aimed at characterizing the MS mouse model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), studying animal behaviour as well as the process of adult oligodendrogenesis. For this, the EAE mouse model was developed, and behavioural tests (open field, rotarod, pole test) were performed to evaluate motor function. Cellular differentiation was assessed by immunohistochemistry assays for bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) colocalization with oligodendrocytic markers in brain regions of interest. Western blot and ELISA assays were used for myelin protein levels and inflammatory cytokine quantification. Results for clinical scores and behavioural characterization of the EAE model suggested that motor impairment is proportional to the score of the disease. Moreover, an increase in the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNFα (n=5, p<0.01), and a tendency for increased IL-1β were observed in EAE mice. Importantly, a tendency for increased BrdU+ cells in the SVZ, corpus callosum (CC) and cerebral cortex (CT) was observed, accompanied by a significant increase in NG2+BrdU+ cells in the CC of EAE mice (n=3, p<0.05), hinting at the migration of precursor cells from the SVZ to the CC. Altogether, this work allowed the characterization of the oligodendrogenesis process and of the EAE model throughout time, supporting future studies involving the modulation of adult oligodendrogenesis as a putative therapy for MS. Keywords: subventricular zone (SVZ), Neural stem cells (NSCs), Oligodendrocytes (OLs), Multiple Sclerosis, EAE (experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis) Conference: XVI Meeting of the Portuguese Society for Neuroscience (SPN2019), Lisboa, Portugal, 30 May - 1 Jun, 2019. Presentation Type: Pitch communication + Poster presentation Topic: Glia / Neuroinflammation Citation: Mateus JM, Gomes MA, Soares R, Paulo SL, Chora ÂF, Sebastião AM and Xapelli S (2019). From neural stem cells to oligodendrocytes: postnatal oligodendrogenesis as a target for MS therapy. Front. Cell. Neurosci. Conference Abstract: XVI Meeting of the Portuguese Society for Neuroscience (SPN2019). doi: 10.3389/conf.fncel.2019.01.00047 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 02 Mar 2019; Published Online: 27 Sep 2019. * Correspondence: Prof. Sara Xapelli, Institute of Pharmacology and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal, sxapelli@medicina.ulisboa.pt Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Joana M Mateus Marta A Gomes Rita Soares Sara L Paulo Ângelo F Chora Ana M Sebastião Sara Xapelli Google Joana M Mateus Marta A Gomes Rita Soares Sara L Paulo Ângelo F Chora Ana M Sebastião Sara Xapelli Google Scholar Joana M Mateus Marta A Gomes Rita Soares Sara L Paulo Ângelo F Chora Ana M Sebastião Sara Xapelli PubMed Joana M Mateus Marta A Gomes Rita Soares Sara L Paulo Ângelo F Chora Ana M Sebastião Sara Xapelli Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.