Abstract

In the context of sexual reproduction in angiosperms, the pollen grain represents the beginning of a short-lived male gametophytic phase and provides the vehicle for the delivery of sperm to the vicinity of the egg. Under certain experimental conditions, pollen grains of some angiosperms follow a different developmental program leading to the production of embryo-like structures or embryoids and calluses. Thus, pollen development in angiosperms is like two faces of the same coin: during its normal life the pollen grain is programmed for terminal differentiation; under experimental conditions it embarks on a pathway leading to immortality. It is a testament to the pollen grain as a model developmental system that it is able to display two dissimilar phenotypic forms.

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