Abstract
This paper focuses on how Buddhist medicine in twentieth-century Inner Mongolia was defined, restricted, regulated, and transformed under different ruling political regimes since the fall of the Qing empire in 1911 to the 1980s. The paper argues that the fate of Mongolian medicine was closely linked with the fate of Mongolian Buddhism in twentieth-century Inner Mongolia. As Inner Mongolian Buddhism came to be re-defined, regulated, and coerced by various systems of governance that came to rule the region, Mongolian Buddhist medicine faced crises of modernity in which processes of secularization, exercises of biopower, practices of colonial medicine, and discourses of ethnicity and hygiene challenged the tradition to either reform and adapt to new standardizations imposed by Western biomedicine or lose relevancy in rapidly evolving eras of change.
Highlights
Situated in a larger Eurasian network, the traditionally itinerant Mongols have historically absorbed and transmitted medical knowledge and technology from and between various cultures such as India, Tibet, and China across the continent
As the geopolitics of Inner Asia grew more complex at the turn of the twentieth century, Inner Mongolian medicine, which was closely linked to the fate of the Buddhist monastic institutions, came to be regulated under different post-imperium regimes
The above-given discussion has traced the development of Inner Mongolian Buddhist medicine and the ways in which it has been defined, re-defined, regulated, and limited since the time of the fall of the Qing empire in 1912 to the end of the Cultural Revolution in 1976
Summary
Practices of Buddhism: Local Context of Inner Mongolia in Mongolian Buddhism. Selections from a Mongolian Manual of Buddhist Medicine. In Buddhism and Medicine: An. Anthology of Premodern Sources. In Buddhism in Mongolian History, Culture, and Society. The Method-and-Wisdom Model of the Medical Body in Traditional Mongolian Medicine. Arc—The Journal of the Faculty of Religious Studies McGill University 40: 1–22. Technology, and Medicine in the Modern Japanese Empire. In Routledge Studies in the Modern History of Asia. China’s Other Medical Systems: Recognizing Uyghur, Tibetan, and Mongolian. Global Advances in Health and Medicine 5: 79–86. Global Advances in Health and Medicine 5: 79–86. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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