Abstract
In this paper, we present a review of recent developments in artificial intelligence (AI) towards the possibility of an artificial intelligence equal that of human intelligence. AI technology has always shown a stepwise increase in its capacity and complexity. The last step took place several years ago with the increased progress in deep neural network technology. Each such step goes hand in hand with our understanding of ourselves and our understanding of human cognition. Indeed, AI was always about the question of understanding human nature. AI percolates into our lives, changing our environment. We believe that the next few steps in AI technology, and in our understanding of human behavior, will bring about much more powerful machines that are flexible enough to resemble human behavior. In this context, there are two research fields: Artificial Social Intelligence (ASI) and General Artificial Intelligence (AGI). The authors also allude to one of the main challenges for AI, embodied cognition, and explain how it can be viewed as an opportunity for further progress in AI research.
Highlights
In this paper we present a review of recent developments in AI towards the possibility of an artificial intelligence equals that of human intelligence
AI technology has shown a stepwise increase in its capacity and in its complexity (Section 2)
Cognitive capabilities—“A range of capabilities is included in this category including recognizing known patterns and categories; creating and recognizing novel patterns and categories; logical reasoning and problem solving using contextual information and increasingly complex input variables; optimization and planning to achieve specific objectives given various constraints; creating diverse and novel ideas or a novel combination of ideas; information retrieval, which involves searching and retrieving information from a large range of sources; coordination with multiple agents, which involves interacting with other machines and with humans to coordinate group activity; and output articulation and presentation, which involves delivering outputs other than through natural language
Summary
In this paper we present a review of recent developments in AI towards the possibility of an artificial intelligence equals that of human intelligence. The last step took place several years ago, due to increased progress in deep neural network technology. Each such step goes hand in hand with our understanding of ourselves and our understanding of human cognition (Section 3). AGI brings about a new approach which is much more flexible and closer to human intelligence. It suggests a model of consciousness, a new approach to the question of learning, a model of self-referential machines, etc. We propose to view embodied cognition as a new challenge to AI and not as an imposition (Section 6).
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