From farm to gut: Unraveling the role of millets in promoting metabolic well-being via gut microbiota

Abstract

The human gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in influencing various physiological functions and human health. Dysbiosis, the disruption of gut microbial composition, has been associated with the development of chronic diseases. Dietary interventions, including the consumption of millets, have emerged as a promising strategy to modulate gut microbiota and promote metabolic health. Millets, small-seeded grains cultivated for centuries, offer rich nutritional profiles and bioactive compounds. Their gluten-free nature makes them suitable for individuals with gluten sensitivity. The review explores the intricate relationship between millets and gut microbiota, emphasizing the mechanisms through which millets influence gut microbial composition and functionality. Millets' prebiotic properties and fermentation lead to the production of short-chain fatty acids, promoting gut barrier function and reducing inflammation. additionally, millet consumption may impact gut hormones and exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The impact of millets on metabolic health is evident, with studies demonstrating improved glycemic control and lipid profiles. Understanding these mechanisms provides valuable insights for personalized dietary recommendations, gut microbiota-targeted interventions, and integrating millets into public health initiatives. Promoting millet cultivation aligns with sustainable food systems, making it a holistic approach to combat metabolic disorders and enhance overall human health.