Abstract
Mood disorders affect more than 300 million people worldwide and can cause devastating consequences. Elderly people and patients with neurological conditions are particularly susceptible to depression. Gait and body movements can be affected by mood disorders, and thus they can be used as a surrogate sign, as well as an objective index for pervasive monitoring of emotion and mood disorders in daily life. Here we review evidence that demonstrates the relationship between gait, emotions and mood disorders, highlighting the potential of a multimodal approach that couples gait data with physiological signals and home-based monitoring for early detection and management of mood disorders. This could enhance self-awareness, enable the development of objective biomarkers that identify high risk subjects and promote subject-specific treatment.
Highlights
H UMAN gait is mediated by a complex brain network, which relays information to the muscles via the spinal cord for locomotion
We summarize the pipeline of the gait analysis methods using different sensors in Fig. 7, which can be categorized into two groups: kinematics and kinetics data
In [93], highest accuracy in classifying anger and happy gait was 88.5% by training the model with the acceleration data captured from 123 participants, which emphasized that the anger and happy walking patterns can be fairly recognized by learning-based methods
Summary
H UMAN gait is mediated by a complex brain network, which relays information to the muscles via the spinal cord for locomotion. Psychomotor retardation refers to a slowing-down of both the cognitive and physical movements of the subject and it is prevalent among elderly subjects with depression [11] Mood disorders such as depression, anxiety and bipolar disorders are interleaved with other conditions such as PD, dementia and AD, presenting a complex phenotype that complicates treatment and requires far more clinical attention [12], [13]. With demographic shift of the aging population, there is a pressing need to seamlessly monitor gait in both elderly and patients in order to detect changes associated with mood disorders This could allow for early psychological and/or pharmacological intervention and enable alerts to care and medical personnel.
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