Abstract
As a result of the treatment of “Vikros” spring canola with the chemical mutagen ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), a high-protein mutant form without glaucous bloom (wax bloom) on leaves, shoots, and siliques was isolated. Segregation into glossy and glaucous forms was always observed in the progeny of glossy plants from self-pollination, and the proportion of glaucous plants could reach up to 25%. The progeny of glaucous plants were homogeneous and did not segregate. If during the period of seed germination and seedling development the soil did not dry out and remained moist, and the average daily temperature did not exceed 16 °C, then the amount of glossy plants could reach 99%. Glossy plants possessed qualities valuable for breeding forage varieties, such as the increased content of protein in seeds (more than 30%), and change phenol metabolism, чтo прoявляется a reduced amount of lignin and sinapine in comparison with the original cultivar. In addition, plants without wax coating showed weakened shoot growth, decreased pollen fertility and seed production, and reduced lignin content in the shoots. Glossy mutants are of interest for the obtaining of fodder low-sinapine and low-lignin varieties of spring rapeseed.
Highlights
The plant cell walls perform two main functions ensuring its integrity-maintaining mechanical hardness and protecting against damage by biotic and abiotic factors
This study aimed to examine the morphological and biochemical characteristics of the mutant form of spring rapeseed without glaucous bloom and to reveal the possible connection of this trait with impaired growth and reduced content of lignin and sinapine in seeds
The mutant forms have a yellowish shade in the color of shoots, leaves, and siliques (Figure 1)
Summary
The plant cell walls perform two main functions ensuring its integrity-maintaining mechanical hardness and protecting against damage by biotic and abiotic factors. Cuticle wax and lignin serve to these goals. Wax protects the plant from superfluous transpiration, UV irradiation as well as provides a barrier against pathogens and insects [1]. Disruptions in the formation of the wax layer can undermine survival, impair growth, delay development, and lead to a reduction of yield [2]. Wax accumulates on the surface of plant aerial organs in the form of crystalloids or films [4]. The crystalloids are responsible for a glaucous dim bloom on the shoots and leaves of Brassica napus varieties and its relative species: Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica oleracea L. The crystalloids are responsible for a glaucous dim bloom on the shoots and leaves of Brassica napus varieties and its relative species: Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica oleracea L. [5]
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