Abstract
The extrapolation of grain size to nanoscale and simultaneous alloying of Cu with Mg, Ni and Zn was reached via friction stir engineering (FSE). Plastic shear strain during deformation-induced bimodality in the FCC structure and promoted degree of alloying. Average grain size reduced from ~76 μm to less than 2 μm, accompanying microhardness enhancement without formation of brittle intermetallics. Elemental and morphological heterogeneity was attained throughout the stirred region. Gradients of composition and grain structure in the stirred region are reported which can further the design of metamaterials.
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