Friction factor evaluation by FEM and experiment for TA15 titanium alloy in isothermal forming process

Abstract

The friction at die–workpiece interface is an important parameter in metal forming processes, which affects the metal flow, cavity fill, surface quality, etc. The friction in the forming process is influenced by material properties and forming conditions. The friction in forming process of TA15 (Ti–6Al–2Zr–1Mo–1V) titanium alloy under high temperatures (isothermal forming) and low strain rates is studied here by ring compression test. The friction calibration curves are elaborated by means of finite element method. The research on the calibration curves and friction factor at the loading speed v = 0.1–1.0 mm/s and the conventional forging temperature (950°C) and near-beta forging temperature (970°C) is carried out. The influence of loading speed on friction calibration curves is similar to the influence on friction factor m: at the low (m about 0.7) friction condition, the influence of loading speed can be ignored, however the influence is notable in the midst magnitude (about 0.2–0.5). The temperature variation from 950°C to 970°C has little influence on friction calibration curves, but has notable influence on m under lubricated condition.