FRI406 Maternal Biomarkers Of Adiposity And Stress For Preterm Birth

Abstract

Abstract Disclosure: G. Mayne: None. P.E. DeWitt: None. J. Wen: None. U. Christians: None. D. Dabelea: None. J. Schulkin: None. K. Hurt: None. Background: Adiponectin is a potent uterine tocolytic and decreases with gestational age, so it could be a maternal metabolic quiescence factor during pregnancy. Maternal stress can influence risk for preterm birth, and adiponectin may be inversely related to cortisol. Therefore, we characterized a potential mechanistic link between preterm birth, adiponectin, and cortisol. In this pilot study, we hypothesized maternal plasma adiponectin and cortisol concentrations are inversely related and that lower adiponectin and higher cortisol associate with spontaneous preterm birth. Methods: We performed a nested case-control study using biobank morning fasting plasma samples, taken twice in pregnancy for the Healthy Start pre-birth cohort. We included low-risk women with singleton pregnancies and excluded mothers with major medical illness, preeclampsia, chronic hypertension, or prior preterm birth. We matched preterm cases with term controls (1:3) by gestational age at first blood sample and least variation in time between blood samples (16 preterm, 46 term). We quantified high (HMW), low molecular weight (LMW), and total adiponectin using an ELISA assay. We also quantified cortisol and five related steroid hormones from the same specimens using HPLC/mass spectrometry. We used generalized estimating equations and additive models to compare group means and associations between adiponectin and cortisol. We used machine learning with gradient boosting for predictive modeling. Results: Contrary to our hypothesis, total, HMW, and LMW adiponectin positively associated with cortisol across gestation (P<0.001 for all), however the association was reduced in the preterm compared with term group and significantly so for LMW (P=0.044). In predictive modelling, HMW adiponectin, maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, maternal age, and cortisol were the four most highly relevant predictors for preterm birth (AUROC=0.704). Conclusion: In healthy low-risk patients, we found associations between adiponectin and cortisol differ across gestation for pregnancies ending with term or preterm delivery and have some predictive value in this cohort. This suggests a possible mechanistic link between maternal metabolism and stress for pregnancy maintenance. These biomarkers may prove useful as predictors in larger studies and might indicate possible maternal metabolic therapies for preterm birth prevention. Presentation: Friday, June 16, 2023