Frequent Chlamydophila pneumoniae infection in vertically HIV-infected children in Vietnam

Abstract

s for the 29th Annual Congress of Japanese Society / Journal of Reproductive Immunology 106 (2014) 1–20 17 LPS stimulation induced a significant increase of transcript levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, MMP-3, and MMP-9, while P4 treatment significantly attenuated LPSinduced increase of transcript levels of these MMPs. Conclusions: Our preliminary results suggest that P4 might prevent spontaneous preterm labor by inhibiting cervical remodeling, particularly through the attenuation of ECM degradation by inhibiting MMPs production. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jri.2014.09.040 Analysis of miRNA–mRNA expression profiles in decidual natural killer cells during early pregnancy D. Zhao1,∗, B. Than Naing1, K. Inada2, T. Shima2, S. Saito2, T. Takeshita3, T. Takizawa1 1 Department of Molecular Medicine & Anatomy, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan 3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan Objective: Decidual natural killer (dNK) cells play an important role in the maintenance of early pregnancy. However, the expression profiles and functions of miRNAs within dNK cells remain to be clarified.We investigated the miRNA–mRNAexpressionprofiles in dNK cells during early pregnancy. Methods:Decidual tissue and peripheral blood samples from patients who gave informed consent were aseptically obtained after legal abortions (at 6–7 weeks of gestation, n=3). We compared miRNA-mRNA expression patterns between dNK and peripheral NK (pNK) cells. The expression levels of miRNAs were examined by real-time PCR using a TaqMan microRNA Assay, and gene expression profiling was conducted using an Agilent microarray. Networks, functions, and pathways analyses were generated using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). Results and conclusions: Among the 750 miRNAs examined, 199 miRNAs were significantly up-regulated in dNK cells compared with pNK cells. We detected some placenta-specific miRNAs derived from the chromosome 19 microRNA cluster in dNK cells. Among the 34,127 transcripts examined, 534 genes were significantly downregulated in dNK cells compared with pNK cells; the down-regulated gene expression profile exhibited low cytotoxicity in dNK cells. Some of the up-regulated miRNAs in dNK cells were the miRNAs potentially targeting the above cytotoxicity-associated genes. These data suggest that dNKcells have auniquemiRNA-mRNA interaction network for the maintenance of early pregnancy. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jri.2014.09.041 Frequent Chlamydophila pneumoniae infection in vertically HIV-infected children in Vietnam Q.D. Trinh ∗, N.T. Pham, N.T. Le Nguyen, B.Q. Lam, K.T. Le Phan, K.H. Truong, T.Q. Le, H.T. Nguyen, T.C. Tang, Y. Izumi, S. Komine-Aizawa, H. Ushijima, S. Hayakawa Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Japan Objective: Chlamydophila pneumoniae (C. pneumoniae) is an intracellular pathogen and often cause fatal respiratory symptoms in HIV/AIDS patients. However, its frequency in children with vertical HIV infection is so far unknown. Methods: A total of 89 blood samples collected from HIV-infected infants and children from provinces of southern Vietnam who were hospitalized at Children’s Hospital 1, Ho Chi Minh City, during the 1-year period fromOctober 2004 to September 2005 were submitted to serological screening for IgG, IgA, and IgM antibodies against C. pneumoniae. The presence of this microorganism was also evaluated by PCR. Age matched control enrolled HIV negative 91 children with other infectious disorders. Results: The results showed that 64% of the samples were positive for anti-C. pneumoniae IgG, 31.5% were positive for IgA, and 3.4% were positive for IgM. The highest prevalences of IgG and IgA positivity, 75% and 66.7%, respectively, were noted in the 1to 2-year-old age group. In control patients, IgG and IgA positivitywere 7.7 and 4.4% respectively. No patients showed positive PCR results. Conclusions: Our study revealed a high seroprevalence of C. pneumoniae in Vietnamese infants and children with HIV/AIDS by vertical transmission. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jri.2014.09.042 Porphyromonas gingivalis inhibits trophoblast invasion N. Hirohata ∗, S. Komine-Aizawa, S. Hayakawa Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Japan Objective: Periodontitis has been regarded as a risk factor of pregnancy complications including preterm birth, intrauterine growth retardation and preeclampsia. However protective roles of dental intervention during pregnancyon fetal/maternal outcomes are controversial. In this study, we investigated in vitro effects of a periodontal bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis on cultured trophoblasts and mucosal natural killer cells to mimic in vivo phenomena at the feto-maternal interface. Methods: 2×109 of P. gingivalis (ATCC33277)were cultured at 37 ◦C, 10% CO2 in BHIB media supplemented with 0.005mgml−1 hemin and 0.0005mgml−1 menadione for