Abstract
The ecosystem of the South-West coastal area of Bangladesh is resourceful and unique. Regrettably, this distinctive area is vulnerable to numerous climatic factors, for instance, sea water intrusion, temperature variation, unpredictable behavior of rainfall, and frequent occurrence of cyclones and drought. Undesirably, the effects of those climatic factors have been enhancing on account of human behavior, one of which is the frequent change of land-use pattern in this area. The land-use pattern of the coastal Bangladesh has been changed continuously over the last 60 years in order to increase the agricultural production for improvement of livelihood. The unrealistic improvement projects (coastal embankment project, increased unscientific shrimp cultivation, and so on) brought the unforeseen disaster in the area. As a result, the salinity level of the area has been increased considerably, resulting in decreased production of different kind of crops and vegetables. Unstable economy and the emergence of calamities, leading to damage to ecology and ecosystem, made livelihood insecure in the area.
Highlights
IntroductionFrequent changes in land-use pattern and soil salinity have contributed to land degradation in the coastal area of Bangladesh
This chapter is intended to unfold the scenario of land-use pattern changed over a long period in the South-West coastal area of Bangladesh and how it influenced the soil salinity by practicing shrimp farming
Land-use and land cover change (LULCC) might be a major driver of global alteration and has a considerable impact on ecosystem processes, biological cycles, and biodiversity
Summary
Frequent changes in land-use pattern and soil salinity have contributed to land degradation in the coastal area of Bangladesh. This chapter is intended to unfold the scenario of land-use pattern changed over a long period in the South-West coastal area of Bangladesh and how it influenced the soil salinity by practicing shrimp farming. This chapter describes the ecological and socioeconomic conditions of the area in response to those changes. It includes some policy recommendations and management approaches to maintain productive agriculture in the area. Land-use refers to how people are using the land, for example, settlement, agriculture, mining, etc., whereas land cover refers to the surface cover on the ground, Landscape Architecture - Processes and Practices Towards Sustainable Development such as forest, vegetation, open water, bare soil, etc. LULCC might be a major driver of global alteration and has a considerable impact on ecosystem processes, biological cycles, and biodiversity
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