Abstract
Objectives: To determine the frequency of thyroid dysfunction in chronic kidney disease patients.
 Methods: It was a Cross-sectional Study at department of Medicine, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur. Duration of the study was from 20th October 2018 to 19th April 2019. 72 patients with chronic kidney disease, 20 to 60 years of age and of both genders were included. Patients with known thyroid disorders or taking medication that can affect thyroid function (dopamine antagonists, antiepileptic, oral contraceptives, lithium, and glucocorticoids) were excluded. Venous blood sample was taken and sent to the laboratory for thyroid function tests.
 Results: Age of the patients included in this study was from 20 to 60 year and mean age was 41.97 ± 9.76 years. Most of them 42 (58.33%) were between 41 to 60 years of age. Out of 72 patients, 44 (61.11%) were male and 28 (38.89%) were female with male to female ratio of 1.6:1. Mean duration of disease in our study was 5.71 ± 2.50 years .Mean BMI was 27.75 ± 3.01 kg/m2.Thyroid dysfunction was present in 23 (31.94%) patients of chronic kidney disease.
 Conclusion: Thyroid dysfunction is frequently found in chronic kidney disease patients.
Highlights
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by irreversible and progressive decline in kidney function secondary to a group of pathophysiologic processes
A study done in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients reported prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism and subclinical hyperthyroidism 15.6% and 4.1% respectively[9]
If left untreated, increase the chance of developing kidney dysfunction.so proper diagnosis and treatment of thyroid dysfunctions are very important in the setting of kidney disease[10]
Summary
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by irreversible and progressive decline in kidney function secondary to a group of pathophysiologic processes. Kidney has excretory metabolic and synthetic functions. When kidney stops working many unwanted toxic substances accumulate in body leading to different signs and symptoms.[1] Thyroid hormone is metabolized and excreted by kidneys so when kidneys stop working levels of thyroid hormones are disturbed. Hypothyroidism, both overt and subclinical, is more prevalent in CKD as compared to hyperthyroidism, 4 with subclinical hypothyroidism being the most common 5. Whereas in dialysis population the prevalence of subclinical and overt hypothyroidism was 26.6%7. While in another study done in India subclinical hypothyroidism was found in 24.8% of the dialysis population.[8] A study done in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients reported prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism and subclinical hyperthyroidism 15.6% and 4.1% respectively[9]
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