Frequency of Thyroid Cancer in Sonographically and Clinically Isolated Thyroid Nodules in Thyroidectomy Patients

Abstract

Background: Thyroid nodules are common in areas with low iodine levels, in women, and in patients undergoing neck irradiation. Thyroid nodules can be detected and evaluated using high-resolution ultrasonography (US). US are used to assess the size and characteristics of thyroid nodules, as well as the presence of lymph node metastasis in the neck. It also makes guided fine-needle aspiration possible (US-FNA). Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study carried out at General Hospital, Rangamati during the period from January 2021 to January 2022. Total 87 patients include who were clinically and sonographycally diagnosed as solitary thyroid nodule. Nodules were excluded from this part of the study if images were not available for review. All the patients treated surgically, and histopathological examination carried out. Data were analyzed by standard statistical methods. Results were analyzed by proper test of significance. Results: Females predominated at 64(73.6%), 50(57.5%) had solitary nodules, 79(90.8%) were euthyroid, 29(33.3%) had nodules measuring 1.0-1.9 cm, 13(14.9%) were malignant, and 53(60.9%) underwent hemi-throidectomy. Calcification and intranodular vascularity in ultrasonography findings were statistically significant (p <0.05). Thyroid activity 100% of euthyroid tumors were malignant, while 66 (89.2%) were benign. Conclusion: The incidence of thyroid cancer was discovered to be 14.9% using sonography. Thyroid nodule size has a nonlinear effect on cancer risk. A 2.0 cm threshold is detected, after which cancer risk remains unchanged. All of the euthyroid tumors were malignant.