Abstract
A dogmatic view on occlusion as the main aetiological factor for temporomandibular disorder (TMD) has been present in the literature for a long time, but a direct scientific correlation between occlusal disorders and TMD has never been proven. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of TMD signs and tissue-specific diagnoses in a population of 164 asymptomatic participants, 70 removable partial denture wearers and 94 complete denture wearers of an average age of 61.3 years, by means of clinical manual functional analysis. TMD was found in 42.1% of the participants. No statistically significant difference in the occurrence of TMD was found between removable partial and complete denture wearers and between genders (P > 0.05). The most frequent tissue-specific diagnoses were osteoarthrosis (11%), total anterior disc displacement (9.1%) and partial anterolateral disc displacement (8.5%). The frequency of tissue-specific diagnoses was also not influenced by the type of prosthetic replacements.
Highlights
There are many studies in the literature showing a frequent incidence of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) in general populations and trying to establish their causes and characteristics (Agerberg and Inkapool 1990; Jagger and Wood 1992; Wanman 1995; List and Dworkin 1996; Matsuka et al 1996; Schmitter et al 2005)
TMD was diagnosed in 50 temporomandibular joint (TMJ) of 31 (44.3%) removable partial denture (RPD) wearers and in 58 TMJs of 38 (40.4%) complete denture (CD) wearers
Clinical signs of TMD were found in 42.1% of the participants, which is midway between the large range of the results obtained by other authors
Summary
There are many studies in the literature showing a frequent incidence of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) in general populations and trying to establish their causes and characteristics (Agerberg and Inkapool 1990; Jagger and Wood 1992; Wanman 1995; List and Dworkin 1996; Matsuka et al 1996; Schmitter et al 2005). TMD has endogenous and exogenous causes that affect the neurogenous, myogenous and arthrogenous parts of the masticatory system (Zarb et al 1994). The endogenous aetiological factors comprise idiopathic, systemic, psychosomatic and psychosocial causes of TMD, and the exogenous aetiological factors include trauma and occlusal disorders (Bumann and Lotzmann 2002). The disorder of the arthrogenous intracapsular part of the masticatory system is called internal derangement (ID). (Farrar 1971). Katzberg et al (1979) described ID of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) as a disturbed relation between the disk and the mandibular condyle, fossa and articular eminence, whereas Westesson et al (1989) described it as a localized mechanical fault that disturbs the normal function of the TMJ
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