Frequency of Salmonella bacteria detection in pathological material, raw materials, poultry products and the environment of poultry farms in Ukraine during the period 2018-2022

Abstract

The poultry industry plays an important role in solving the food problem of Ukraine, as it provides the need for commercial production of eggs and poultry meat. Modern poultry farming is characterized by industrial high-tech production with the use of advanced energy-saving technologies, their mechanization and automation, specialization and concentration of production processes, targeted selection of highly productive poultry crosses, balanced feeding. However, the poultry farming industry suffers from salmonellosis. In poultry farms countries a salmonellosis is one of the most dangerous bacterial diseases of birds. Actuality of zoonotic disease is stipulated epizootologically, by epidemiology, ecological, socio-economic values and biosafety for a man, bird and animals. For a man the causative agents of salmonellosis cause the heavy forms of toxic infections. According to the results of microbiological monitoring for the detection of salmonellosis pathogens in patho- and biological material, poultry feed, raw materials, poultry products, and environmental objects of poultry farms for the period 2018–2022, a decrease in the infection rates of the studied objects was found from 0.06% in 2018 to 0.01–0.02% in the following years. Among the obtained salmonellosis isolates, a wide species spectrum of circulating salmonella (17 serovars) was established, with the dominant species Salmonella enteritidis isolated in 27.9% of cases from the studied objects. Salmonella of other species were isolated much less frequently: Salmonella give (9.0%), Salmonella infantis (6.4%), Salmonella anatum (2.2%), Salmonella derbi, Salmonella kambole and Salmonella isangi (1.7%). Salmonella typhimurium (1.3%), Salmonella indiana, Salmonella essen, Salmonella eastbourne, Salmonella agone, Salmonella livingston, Salmonella dyugu, Salmonella рortland and Salmonella aphi (from 0.4 to 0.9%) cases, respectively, among other isolated Salmonella species for the period 2018–2022. The results of the research prove the need to continue microbiological monitoring for the detection of salmonellosis pathogens at all stages of the production of poultry products in the territory of Ukraine for the purpose of human, animal and poultry biosafety and timely prevention of zoonotic diseases. Key words: poultry farming, microbiological monitoring, zoonoses, pathogens of salmonellosis, species spectrum, cheese products, Salmonella enteritidis, biosafety.