FREQUENCY OF PLASMODIUM VIVAX IN PATIENTS HAVING UNCOMPLICATED MALARIA.

Adnan Tareen ,Ahsan Bari ,Sana Saleem

doi:10.7176/jmpb/55-11

Abstract

Background; Malaria which is potentially life threatening disease that is spread by protozoan parasites. Malaria yet remains to be a important public health concern among most of the endemic regions of world. There are 5 most common human species of plasmodium referred as “Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, P. knowlesi, and P. malariae” which can spread the disease. The major complications are caused by P. falciparum and P. vivax, with P. falciparum being the more virulent. This study was conducted to determine the frequency of plasmodium falciparum among patients with uncomplicated malaria in our population. Objective; To determine the frequency of Plasmodium vivax in patients with uncomplicated malaria. Study Design; Descriptive, Cross-sectional study. Setting; Department of Medicine, Nishtar Hospital, Multan. Results; Of these study cases, 93 (56.4 %) were male patients while 72 (43.6%) were female patients. Mean age of our study cases was noted to be 35.52 ± 10.39 years. Majority of our study cases i.e. 101 (61.2%) were from rural areas while 64 (38.8%) were from urban areas, 129 (78.2%) were poor and 65 (39.4%) had positive history of using anti – malarial drugs. Mean duration of disease was 4.37 ± 2.82 days and majority of our patients i.e. 107 (64.8%) had disease duration up to 5 days. Plasmodium vivax was diagnosed in 129 (78.2%) patients. Conclusion; High frequency of plasmodium vivax was noted in our study, among patients with uncomplicated malaria. Plasmodium vivax was significantly associated with female gender and previous use of anti–malarial drugs. Keywords; plasmodium falciparum, malaria, plasmodium vivax. DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/55-11 Publication date :May 31 st 2019

Highlights

Introduction; Malaria is generally by Plasmodium falciparum, and it is important public health issue of many developing countries[1,2,3,4]
Venous blood (5 ml) sample was drawn and sent to the central laboratory of Nishtar Hospital Multan for routine investigations like ICT malaria, CBC, smears to be observed under light microscope for detection of plasmodium vivax in Giemsa stained blood smears which were observed under light microscope
Frequencies and percentages were calculated for categorical variables like gender, age groups, intake of anti-malarial drugs, plasmodium falciparum

Summary

Introduction

Introduction; Malaria is generally by Plasmodium falciparum, and it is important public health issue of many developing countries[1,2,3,4]. There are four 4 species of Plasmodium which can infect human beings which are referred as “P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale and P. malariae” 7, 8. In Pakistan, in recent years, there has been a six times rise in the prevalence of falciparum malaria as reported by national Malaria control Program which estimates around 42% among all patients. Plasmodium falciparum and vivax malaria are major health problems in Pakistan.[13] Yasinzai et al 14 reported 57.1% plasmodium falciparum from Balochistan.

Results

Conclusion