Frequency of Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Based on Oxygen Saturation Index in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of a Developing Country.

Rahim Ahmed,Azam Nangialay,Asim Azim,Humaira Jurair,Anwar Haque

doi:10.7759/cureus.6444

Rahim Ahmed, Azam Nangialay + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.6444

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Journal: Cureus	Publication Date: Dec 22, 2019
Citations: 1	License type: cc-by

Affiliation: Indus Hospital, Aga Khan University Hospital

Abstract

ObjectivesTo determine the frequency of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome based on oxygen saturation index in pediatric intensive care unit of a developing country.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of all children admitted in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi from July 2017 to June 2018 with respiratory rate >40 breaths/minute, shortness of breath, and bluish discoloration of skin and mucous membranes. The diagnosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was made on the basis of standard operational definitions as mentioned (fulfilling criteria for ARDS).ResultsDuring the one-year study period 150 patients with age range of one month to 16 years were admitted fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Mean age was 38.27 ± 53.13 months, and 92 (61.33%) were male with male to female ratio of 1.6:1. Mean duration of symptoms was 1.23 ± 0.42 days. Frequency of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome using oxygen saturation index admitted in a pediatric ICU was 23 (15.33%) patients.ConclusionThis study has shown that the frequency of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome is quite high.

Highlights

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), evident by persistent hypoxemia, decrease respiratory system compliance and nonhydrostatic pulmonary edema, is a serious and complex clinical problem with a high morbidity, mortality and financial cost, especially in a resource-limited situation
Frequency of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome using oxygen saturation index admitted in a pediatric ICU was 23 (15.33%) patients
This study has shown that the frequency of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome is quite high

Summary

Introduction

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), evident by persistent hypoxemia, decrease respiratory system compliance and nonhydrostatic pulmonary edema, is a serious and complex clinical problem with a high morbidity, mortality and financial cost, especially in a resource-limited situation. The reported morbidity and mortality ranges from 14% to 61% in developed countries and even high in developing countries [1,2]. It involves a series of events following acute lung injury and can be triggered by a variety of insults, including pneumonia, sepsis, aspiration, shock, burns and traumatic injury, all results in inflammation and increased vascular permeability leading to pulmonary edema [3]. ARDS was previously diagnosed on the basis of American-European consensus conference definition, changed to Berlin definition in 2012, by European intensive medicine society [4,5]. The pediatric acute lung injury consensus conference group described the latest definition of pARDS based on oxygen saturation (OI) and oxygen saturation index (OSI) [6]

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Conclusion