Frequency of Occurrence and Clinical Picture of Urolithiasis on the Background of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to identify the frequency of occurrence of urolithiasis against the background of benign prostatic hyperplasia, to find out whether the presence of benign prostatic hyperplasia in a patient affects the frequency of occurrence of urolithiasis, to study the clinical picture to understand whether there is some general or specific clinical picture or some feature inherent in the clinic when occurrence of urolithiasis and benign prostatic hyperplasia are accompanying each other. Materials and methods. The clinical data of 152 patients aged over 45 years who underwent examination and treatment in 2005-2015 at the A. Aliyev Azerbaijan State Institute of Advanced Medical Training and at the Shirvan Medical Diagnostic Center in 2008-2015 were analyzed. Against the background of benign prostatic hyperplasia, 85 (55.92%) patients had upper urinary tract stones. Of these, 52 (34.21%) had kidney stones, and 33 (21.71%) had ureteral stones. Bilateral nephrolithiasis was detected in 16 (10.5%) patients, unilateral – in 36 (23.68%), bilateral ureterolithiasis – in 2 (1.32%), unilateral – in 31 (20.39%) patients. Of 152 patients, bladder stones were detected in 112 (73.4%) patients. The bulk of the examined patients were patients who had bladder stones on the background of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Of these 112 patients, 25 (16.45%) had kidney stones along with cystolithiasis, one (0.89%) had left-sided ureterolithiasis, and one (0.89%) had bilateral nephrolithiasis and left-sided ureterolithiasis. To characterize the clinical signs of infravesical obstruction in benign prostatic hyperplasia, the Guyon classification was applied. Most of the patients – 102 (67.12%) patients according to this classification were at the II stage of benign prostatic hyperplasia. The number of patients at stage I was 29 (19.08%), and at stage III – 21 (13.82%). Results and discussion. In this study in patients over 45 years, nephrolithiasis on the background of benign prostatic hyperplasia was detected in 34.21% of cases, ureterolithiasis on the background of benign prostatic hyperplasia – in 21.71% of cases, cystoliasis on the background of benign prostatic hyperplasia – in 73.4% of cases, and cystolithiasis and upper urinary stones on the background of benign prostatic hyperplasia – in 17.8% of cases. As can be seen from the data presented, the bulk of the examined patients were patients who had bladder stones on the background of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Conclusion. The presence of bladder outlet obstruction and the aggravation of the stage of benign prostatic hyperplasia increase the incidence of cystolithiasis and aggravate the clinical picture of urolithiasis, leading to its complications. At the same time, the presence of concomitant urolithiasis aggravates the clinical picture of benign prostatic hyperplasia, that is, there is a syndrome of mutual weighing of clinical symptoms. There is no general and specific clinical picture in the clinic. There are the same signs and complications that are inherent in both pathologies. Therefore, there is a need for a deeper study of such patients for the correct diagnosis and choice of a rational method of treatment