Frequency of Mitral Regurgitation in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Mechanical complications can occur after acute myocardial infarction. Most commonly mitral regurgitation (MR) occurs after infero-basal myocardial infarction (MI) due to papillary muscles dysfunction. MR may also develop with antero-apical MI. The objective of the study was to determine the frequency of mitral regurgitation in acute MI patients and to risk stratify the patients with MR for anterior and inferior wall MI. AIMS & OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency of mitral regurgitation in patients with acute myocardial infarction. MATERIAL & METHODS: This was a descriptive case series carried out at the Cardiology department of Jinnah Hospital, Lahore from: 29-10-2013 to 29-04-2014. A total of 340 patients of MI were included. Echocardiography examination was carried out on all subjects on day 3-4 post MI. Frequency of mitral regurgitation in each group was measured by color flow Doppler technique. RESULTS: Out of study population, 153 (45%) were in between 30-50 years and 187 (55%) were in between 51-75 years. The mean of age was calculated as 55.09+11.81 years. In our data 181 (53.24%) were male and 159 (46.76%) were female. Frequency of MR in acute MI patients was recorded in 69 (20.29%) while 271 (79.71%) had no findings of MR. From the total of 69 cases, MR was recorded in 13 (18.84%) as anterior wall MI and 16 (23.19%) as inferior wall MI, p value was calculated as 0.532 which shows insignificant difference. There was a significant difference in hospital stay and mortality between both groups p-value 0.04. CONCLUSION: Mechanical complications develop after acute myocardial infarction and may be associated with serious outcomes. KEYWORDS: Acute MI, mitral regurgitation, anterior and inferior wall MI.