Abstract
BackgroundLocal reactions are the most commonly reported adverse events following tetanus and diphtheria toxoid (Td) vaccine and the risk of local reactions may increase with number of prior Td vaccinations.MethodsTo estimate the risk of medically attended local reactions following Td vaccination in adolescents and young adults we conducted a six-year retrospective cohort study assessing 436,828 Td vaccinations given to persons 9 through 25 years of age in the Vaccine Safety Datalink population from 1999 through 2004.ResultsOverall, the estimated risk of a medically attended local reaction was 3.6 events per 10,000 Td vaccinations. The lowest risk (2.8 events per 10,000 vaccinations) was found in the 11 to 15 year old age group. In comparison with that group, the event risks were significantly higher in both the 9 to 10 and 21 to 25 year old age groups. The risk of a local reaction was significantly higher in persons who had received another tetanus and diphtheria toxoid containing vaccine (TDCV) in the previous five years (incidence rate ratio, 2.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.2 to 7.2). Twenty-eight percent of persons with a local reaction to Td vaccine were prescribed antibiotics.ConclusionMedically attended local reactions were uncommon following Td vaccination. The risk of those reactions varied by age and by prior receipt of TDCVs. These findings provide a point of reference for future evaluations of the safety profile of newer vaccines containing tetanus or diphtheria toxoid.
Highlights
Local reactions are the most commonly reported adverse events following tetanus and diphtheria toxoid (Td) vaccine and the risk of local reactions may increase with number of prior Td vaccinations
Local reactions are the most commonly reported adverse events following administration of tetanus and diphtheria toxoid containing vaccines (TDCVs), and the risk of local reactions may increase with the number of prior vaccinations [1]
To estimate the risk of medically attended local reactions following Td vaccination in adolescents and young adults we conducted a six-year retrospective cohort study assessing 436,828 Td vaccinations given to members of the Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) population in the era prior to the introduction of toxoid and acellular pertussis (Tdap) and Menactra vaccines
Summary
Local reactions are the most commonly reported adverse events following tetanus and diphtheria toxoid (Td) vaccine and the risk of local reactions may increase with number of prior Td vaccinations. Local reactions are the most commonly reported adverse events following administration of tetanus and diphtheria toxoid containing vaccines (TDCVs), and the risk of local reactions may increase with the number of prior vaccinations [1]. Reactions that result in a medical visit, are an outcome of interest in postlicensure assessments of the safety of TDCVs. Three vaccines containing tetanus or diphtheria toxoid are currently licensed for routine use in adolescents and young adults in the United States. To estimate the risk of medically attended local reactions following Td vaccination in adolescents and young adults we conducted a six-year retrospective cohort study assessing 436,828 Td vaccinations given to members of the Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) population in the era prior to the introduction of Tdap and Menactra vaccines
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