Frequency of Impaired Glucose Tolerance in Obese Patients

Abstract

Obesity is a state of excess body adipose tissue. Impaired glucose tolerance is a risk factor for developing diabetes Mellitus & is associated with hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. To determine the frequency of impaired glucose tolerance in obese patients. This Cross Sectional study was carried out in North Medical Ward, King Edward Medical University/ Mayo Hospital Lahore for 6 months i.e. January to June 2014. Total 160 obese patients visiting outpatient department of North Medical Ward, Mayo Hospital Lahore for 6 months were included by non-probability purposive sampling. Patients aged 15-70 years of either gender were included. Oral glucose tolerance (OGTT) was done in each patient with unrestricted carbohydrate diet for three days and avoiding coffee, smoking and heavy exercise six hours before the test. Fasting sample was taken then 75g oral glucose was given. Sample after two hours was sent to KEMU clinical lab. A positive result of the patient was labeled as IGT. The patients mean age was 46.3±13.4 years. Out of 160 patients, 78 (48.8%) were males and 82 (51.2%) females.116 (72.5%) patients were obese grade 1 and 44 (27.5%) patients were obese grade 2. The mean BMI (Normal BMI=18.5-22.9kg/m2) of the patients came out to be 29.1±13.6 kg/m2.There were 116 (72.5%) patients of obese-1 and 44 (27.5%) patients of obese 2. There were 140 (87.5%) patients normal and 20 (12.5%) patients were impaired OGTT. In obese-1 type patients, 112 (70%) patients had normal OGTT and 4 (2.5%) patients had impaired OGTT. In the obese-2 type patients, 28 (17.5%) patients had normal OGTT and 16 (10%) patients had impaired. Impaired glucose tolerance is commonly found in obese patients.Therefore adequate measures like dietary restrictions, physical exercise & drugs should be taken to control obesity.